手术室护理人员职业危害因素与防护措施

张春娟

（西安医学院附属宝鸡医院，陕西 宝鸡，721006）

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摘要：

目的 探讨在手术室护理人员中存在的职业危害因素，并提出相应的防护对策。方法 采取问卷调查法（参阅相关文献后由本科室自行设计）调查手术室护理人员所面临的职业危害因素，对这些职业危害因素进行总结、归纳，并采取针对性的防护干预措施。采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）评价干预前、后手术室护士的焦虑评分。结果 手术室护理人员面临的职业危害因素主要包括生物危害因素、化学危害因素、物理危害因素、生理危害因素及社会心理因素等，且护师以上职称护理人员对于职业危害与防护的认知与行为评分高于护士职称护理人员，差异显著（P<0.05）。采取相应的防护干预措施之后，手术室护理人员SAS评分明显低于防护干预前，差异显著（P<0.05）。结论 通过调查分析手术室护理人员职业危害因素，并给予针对性的防护，能使其在思想上正确认识职业危害，同时也在行为上加强防护，有利于维护其身心健康，进一步保障手术室护理工作质量。

关键词：手术室护理；职业危害因素；防护对策

中图分类号：R13文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)08-0169-02

Occupational hazard factors and protective countermeasures of nursing staff in operation room
ZHANG Chun-juan
(Baoji Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Medical University, Baoji 721006, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To explore the occupational hazard factors and protective countermeasure of nursing staff in operation room. Methods The occupational hazard factors of nursing staff in operation room were investigated by the questionnaire (designed by our department after refering to the relevant literature). The occupational hazard factors were summarized and the effectively protective countermeasures were taken. The anxiety score of the nurses in the operating room before and after the intervention was evaluated by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Results The occupational hazard factors mainly included biological hazards, chemical hazards, physical hazards, physiological hazards and social psychological hazards and so on. The cognitive and behavior (SAS) scores of nurse practitioner or above was higher than nurse (P<0.05). After taking. corresponding protective countermeasures, the SAS scores of nursing staff in operation room was lower than that before (P<0.05).Conclusion By analyzing the occupational hazard factors of nursing staff in operation room and taking effective protective countermeasures, it can help nursing staff correctly understand the occupational hazard to think and strengthen the protection of behavior, which is benefit for their physical and psychological health and to ensure the quality of the work in operation room.
KEYWORDS: operating room nursing; occupational hazard; protective countermeasures

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