关中地区慢性荨麻疹过敏原检测结果分析

曹伟1 ，康乐1，翟晓艳1 ，朱小英1 ，王小媛1，林凤萍1 ，李文彬2，闫晓宁2

（1.宝鸡市中心医院皮肤科，陕西 宝鸡，721008；2.陕西省中医医院皮肤科，陕西 西安，710004）

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摘要：

目的 系统研究关中地区慢性荨麻疹（CU）患者过敏原的分布特征。方法 选取2012年3月至2016年3月在我科及陕西省中医医院皮肤科诊治的关中地区1 310例CU患者作为CU组，选择同期进行健康体检的510 例健康者作为对照组。两组均采用点刺、斑贴、血清IgE检测及食物不耐受IgG检测试验检测各项过敏原，系统分析比较两组各项过敏原阳性率和分布差异。结果 点刺试验结果显示，两组的吸入性过敏原中的法桐、禾本科、艾蒿、杨树、粉尘螨、屋尘螨、霉菌1阳性率及食物 性过敏原中的牛奶、鸡蛋、鳕鱼、鲤鱼、花生、鸡肉、菠菜、番茄阳性率比较，有显著差异（P<0.05）；斑贴试验检测显示，CU组患者的巯基混合物、重铬酸钾、松香、溴硝丙醇、亚乙基二胺、芳香混合物、黑橡胶混合物、卡巴混合物、对苯二胺基质阳性率高 于对照组（P<0.05）；血清IgE试验检测结果显示，两组的吸入性过敏原中的户尘螨、屋尘、蒿、草、蟑螂、青霉/孢霉、栎/榆/梧桐/柳/杨阳性率及食物性过敏原中的鸡蛋、贝、羊肉、腰果/花生/黄豆、小麦阳性率比较有显著差异（P<0.05）；食物不耐受IgG 检测结果显示，CU组的大豆、鳕鱼、鸡蛋、西红柿、米的阳性率高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 点刺试验、血清IgE检测在CU患者中的应用非常重要，血清IgG检测及斑贴试验在CU中也有一定的检测意义，但还需要进一步探讨。

关键词：慢性荨麻疹；过敏原；过敏原检测

中图分类号：R758.2文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)16-0005-04

Analysis of allergic test results of chronic urticaria in Guanzhong area
CAO Wei 1, KANG Le 1, ZHAI Xiao-yan 1, ZHU Xiao-ying 1, WANG Xiao-yuan 1, LIN Feng-ping 1, LI Wen-bin 2, YAN Xiao-ning 2


（1. Department of Dermatology, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji 721008; 2. Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi`an 710004, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To study the distribution characteristics of allergens in patients with chronic urticaria (CU) in Guanzhong area. Methods From March 2012 to March 2016, 1 310 cases of patients with CU in our department and Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the CU group, 510 cases of healthy persons with healthy physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. The allergens were detected by prick test, patch test, serum IgE test, food intolerance IgG detection, the positive rate and distribution of allergens were analyzed and compared in the two groups. Results The results of the prick test showed that there were significant differences in the positive rate of inhalation allergens as fungus, gramineae, mugwort, poplar, dust mite, house dust mite, mold 1 and food allergens as milk, eggs, cod, carp, peanuts, chicken, spinach, tomato between the two groups (P<0.05); the patch test showed that among the 19 contact allergens, the positive rate of mercapto mix, potassium dichromate, rosin, bronopol, ethylenediamine dihydrochloride, aromatic mixture, black rubber mixture, kappa mixture, p -phenylenediamine matrix in the CU group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05); the serum IgE test results showed that there were significant differences in the positive rate of inhalation allergens as oatmeal, househao, artemisia, humulus, cockroach, penicillium, mycelia, quercus/umbus/indus/willow/yang and food allergens as eggs, shellfish, lamb, cashews/peanuts/ soybeans, wheat (P<0.05); the food intolerance IgG detection showed that, the positive rate of soybeans, cod, eggs, tomatoes, rice were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The prick test and serum IgE test have important in the detection of patients with CU, while the food intolerance IgG detection and patch test also have some significance in CU, but they need to further explore.
KEYWORDS: chronic urticaria; allergens; allergens detection

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