颈动脉超声在脑梗死与高血压患者颈部血管病变中的应用分析

张换，张惠丽，梁华峰，雍心愿

（石河子大学医学院第一附属医院神经内科，新疆 石河子，832000）

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摘要：

目的 通过对研究对象行颈动脉超声检查，探讨超声在脑梗死与高血压患者颈部动脉血管病变诊断中的应用价值。 方法 对268例脑梗死和（或）高血压患者（观察组）和90（人）例对照组体检健康人群（人）行颈动脉超声及实验室检查，用方差分析、字2检验、Logistic回归分析对检查结果进行分析比较。结果 血管内膜粗糙、增厚和斑块病变检出率比较，观察组显著 高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且在颈动脉分叉处斑块最多见。观察组易损斑块多于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。血管狭窄病变以轻、中度为主，且第一组血管病变程度最严重。回归分析提示：高龄、高血压、冠心病、糖尿病与颈动脉斑块形成显著相关（P<0.05）；且高龄、高血压、糖尿病是不同性质斑块的共同危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 颈动脉超声检查对脑梗死与高血压患者颈动脉硬化和斑块敏感性强，检出率高，可作为筛查高危人群的常规方法。

关键词：颈动脉超声；脑梗死；高血压；颈部动脉血管病变；斑块

中图分类号：R743.9文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413（2017）08-0003-03

Application analysis of the carotid artery ultrasound in carotid artery disease in patients with

cerebral infarction and hypertension
ZHANG Huan, ZHANG Hui-li, LIANG Hua-feng, YONG Xin-yuan
(Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the application value of carotid artery ultrasound in carotid artery disease in patients with cerebral infarction and hypertension. Methods Two hundred and sixty-eight patients with cerebral infarction or hyperrension (observation group) and 90 healthy people (control group) were enrolled and underwent the carotid ultrasound and laboratory examination. Variance analysis,x² test and Logistic regression analysis were used to compare the results of the examination. Results The comparison of detection rates of 3 kinds of intimal lesions (rogh, thickening, plaque), the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the most common was
carotid bifurcation plaques. The vulnerable plaque in observation group was more than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Vascular stenosis disease was mainly mild and moderate, and the degree of stenosis of the first group was the most serious. Regression analysis suggested that: advanced age, hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes were significantly correlated with the formation of carotid plaque (P<0.05), and the advanced age, hypertension and diabetes were the common risk factors of different patches (P<0.05). Conclusion Carotid artery ultrasound is highly sensitive to carotid atherosclerosis and plaque, it has a high detection rate and can be used as a routine method for screening high risk population.
KEYWORDS: carotid artery ultrasonography; cerebral infarction; hypertension; carotid atherosclerosis; plaque

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