曲马多与右美托咪定预防全身麻醉术后寒战的效果对比

孙利力

（岐山县医院麻醉科，陕西 宝鸡，722400）

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摘要：

目的 观察曲马多与右美托咪定预防全身麻醉术后寒战的效果，为临床治疗提供参考。方法 抽取2015 年1 月至2017 年2 月在本院进行全身麻醉手术的200 例患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组（n=100）和观察组（n=100）。 观察组患者给予右美托咪定进行治疗，使用剂量为0.75 μg/kg；对照组患者给予曲马多进行治疗，剂量为1 mg/kg。对比两组 患者术后麻醉效果及寒战发生情况。结果 治疗前，两组患者体温、血液乳酸量、耗氧量比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治 疗后，两组患者的体温、血液乳酸量、耗氧量均低于治疗前，且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组治疗总有效率为95.00%， 明显高于对照组的76.00%（P<0.05）；观察组药物不良反应发生率为7.00%，显著低于对照组的18.00%（P<0.05）。观察组寒战 发生率为4.00%，明显低于对照组的12.00%（P<0.05）。结论 右美托咪定较曲马多能更快降低全麻手术后寒战发生率，具有 一定的临床价值。

关键词：全身麻醉；曲马多；右美托咪定；术后寒战

中图分类号：R614.2文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2018)06-0029-03

Clinical effects comparison of tramadol and dexmedetomidine on postoperative shivering after general anesthesia
SUN Li-li
(Anesthesiology Department, the Hospital of Qishan County, Baoji 722400, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To observe the effect of tramadol and dexmedetomidine on preventing shivering after general anesthesia, and to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods From January 2015 to February 2017, 200 patients treated with general anesthesia in our hospital were randomly divided into control group (100 cases) and observation group (100 cases). The observation group was treated with dexmedetomidine, and the dosage was 0.75 μg/kg. The control group was given tramadol, and the treatment dose was 1 mg/kg. The postoperative anesthetic effects and the occurrence of shivering of two groups were compared. Results Before treatment, the temperature, lactic acid and oxygen consumption of the two groups were similar, the differences were not statistically significant (P >0.05). After treatment, the body temperature, lactic acid and oxygen consumption of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and those of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.00%, which was significantly higher than 76.00% of the control group (P<0.05). The adverse reactions rate of the observation group was 7.00%, which was significantly lower than 18.00% of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of shivering in the observation group was 4.00%, which was significantly lower than 12.00% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly reduce the incidence of shivering after general anesthesia, which has better clinical value.

KEYWORDS: general anesthesia; tramadol; dexmedetomidine; postoperative shivering

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