枸橼酸咖啡因预防早产儿呼吸暂停的临床效果观察

张小玲

（西安高新医院新生儿科，陕西 西安，710075）

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摘要：

目的 观察使用枸橼酸咖啡因预防早产儿呼吸暂停（apnea of prematurity, AOP）的有效性与安全性。方法 将我院新生儿 科收治的胎龄小于30 周的61 例早产儿随机分为预防治疗组（30 例）和常规治疗组（31 例）。预防治疗组出生后24 h 内静脉 给予枸橼酸咖啡因20 mg/kg，隔24 h 后给予维持量10 mg/kg。常规治疗组在呼吸暂停后给予相同剂量枸橼酸咖啡因。观察两 组早产儿的治疗效果。结果预防治疗组的治疗有效率为93.33%，高于常规治疗组的64.52%（P<0.05）。两组早产儿的各不良 反应发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。预防治疗组BPD、IVH 及ROP 发生率均低于常规治疗组（P<0.05）。结论 早期 使用枸橼酸咖啡因可降低早产儿发生AOP 的次数，安全性好，可明显降低早产儿的相关并发症发生率。

关键词：枸橼酸咖啡因；早产儿；呼吸暂停

中图分类号：R722.6文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2018)01-0090-03

Clinical effect observation of citric acid caffeine on preventing apnea in premature infants

ZHANG Xiao-ling
(Neonatology Department, Gaoxin Hospital of Xi``an, Xi``an 710075, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of citric acid caffeine on apnea of prematurity (AOP) in premature infants. Methods A total of 61 preterm infants with gestational age less than 30 weeks in neonatal department of our hospital were randomly divided into preventive treatment group (30 cases) and conventional treatment group (31 cases). The preventive treatment group was given citric acid caffeine 20 mg/kg intravenously within 24 h after birth and given maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg after 24 h. The conventional treatment group was given the same dose of citric acid caffeine after apnea. The treatment effects in both groups were compared. Results The effective rate of the preventive treatment group was 93.33%, which was higher than 64.52% of the conventional treatment group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidences of BPD, IVH and ROP were lower than those of the conventional treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion Early use of citric acid caffeine can reduces the number of apneas in preterm infants, with high safety, which can significantly reduce the incidences of related complications and adverse reactions.
KEYWORDS: citric acid caffeine; preterm infants; apnea

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