微生物检验结果的影响因素与质量控制
何宏周，王伟
（麟游县医院检验科，陕西 宝鸡，721599）
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摘要：
目的 探讨微生物检验结果的影响因素与质控方案。方法 对我院2014年至2016年随机选取的2 100份微生物检验报 告进行详细分析，分析误差率及其影响因素。结果 2 100 份微生物检验报告包括一般细菌培养1 270 份、真菌培养460 份、厌氧菌培养370份。共有110份报告存在误差，误差率为5.2%，其中一般细菌检验报告误差率为4.4%（56/1 270），真菌检验报告误差率6.7%（31/460），厌氧菌检验报告误差率6.2%（23/370），各组误差率差异不显著（P>0.05）。通过对3 个年度出现误差 的检验报告进行具体分析，结果显示操作人员、操作规范、送检标本等是导致检验误差出现的主要因素。结论 微生物检验的 结果主要受操作人员、操作规范度、送检标本等因素的影响，因此在进行微生物检验的过程中，需针对影响微生物检验结果 的相关因素进行合理的质量控制，进一步保障微生物检验结果的准确性。
关键词：微生物检验；误差率；质量控制；影响因素
中图分类号：R446.5文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)31-0141-02
The influence factors and quality control methods of microbiological tests
HE Hong-zhou, WANG Wei
(Department of Laboratory, Linyou County Hospital, Baoji 721599, China)
ABSTRACT: Objective To explore the influence factors and quality control methods of microbiological tests. Methods Two thousand and one hundred microbiological test reports from 2014 to 2016 in our hospital were randomly selected and analyzed, and the error rate and its influence factors were studied. Results The 2 100 microbiological test reports included 1 270 common bacteria results, 460 fungal culture results and 370 anaerobic bacteria culture results. There were 110 errors reports and the error rate was 5.2%, which included 4.4% (56/1 270) of common bacteria, 6.7% (31/460) of fungal culture and 6.2% (23/370) of anaerobic bacteria culture. There were no significant differences in the error rate among the three groups (P>0.05). The main influencing factors of the errors were operator, operation specification and samples. Conclusion The results of microbiological tests were mainly influenced by operator, operational standard and samples. In the tests, the quality control of the relevant factors affecting the microbiological test results should be carried out to further ensure the accuracy of the microbiological test results.
KEYWORDS: microbiological test; error rate; quality control; influence factor
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