乳腺Ⅰ类切口术后感染相关因素的调查分析

刘兰，张朝锋，夏秀林，侯林都

（陕西省宝鸡市妇幼保健院乳腺科，陕西 宝鸡，721000）

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摘要：

目的 探讨乳腺Ⅰ类切口术后感染的相关因素。方法 回顾2014年3月至2016年3月2351例乳腺Ⅰ类切口手术病例， 按年龄、手术方式、手术时间、病变性质、预防性使用抗菌药物、基础疾病、体质量指数（BMI）等因素分层设计，分析切口感染的发生率、相关因素及病原菌特点。结果 2 351例乳腺Ⅰ类切口手术病例中78例发生切口感染，发生率为3.32%；55例检出病原菌，其中革兰氏阳性菌占90.91%（50/55）；年龄 ≧65 岁、根治性手术、手术时间 ≧60 min、恶性肿瘤、合并基础疾病、 BMI ≧25 kg/m2 是乳腺Ⅰ类切口术后发生感染的主要危险因素（P<0.05），是否预防性使用抗菌药物对术后切口感染的发生率无显著影响（P>0.05）。结论 乳腺Ⅰ类切口术后感染影响因素较多，预防性使用抗菌药物作用有限，需综合评估采取积极有效的预防措施。

关键词：乳腺；切口感染；病原菌

中图分类号：R619文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)14-0008-02

Analysis of related factors of postoperative infection in breast type I incision
LIU Lan, ZHANG Chao-feng, XIA Xiu-lin, HOU Lin-du
(Department of Breast, Baoji Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Baoji 721000, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the related factors o f postoperative infection in breast type I incision. Methods Retrospectively analyze the 2 351 cases of breast type I incision surgery from March 2014 to March 2016, designing the experience as the age, operation method, operation time, pathological characteristics, preventive use of antimicrobial agents, basic diseases, body mass index (BMI) and other factors. The incidence of incision infection, related factors and pathogenic bacteria characteristics were analyzed. Results In 2 351 cases of breast type I incision operation, 78 cases occurred incision infection, and the incidence was 3.32%; 55 cases with pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which the gram positive bacteria accounted for 90.91% (50/55). Age≧65, radical surgery, the operation time≧60 min, malignant tumor, complications with basic diseases, BMI ≧25 kg/m2 were the risk factors of postoperative infection of breast type I incision (P<0.05); using antibiotics preventively or not had no significant relation with the incidence of postoperative incision infection (P>0.05).Conclusion There are many related factors of postoperative infection in breast type I incision, the effect of prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents is limited, which need evaluated comprehensively to take active and effective preventive measures.

KEYWORDS: breast; incision infection; pathogenic bacteria

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